Meaning of the word fatwa
Fatwa literally means answering a question, whether the question is Islamic or non-Islamic. For a time, the word fatwa was used in a broader sense, but later the fatwa became special in the sense of knowing Sharia.
Alphas such as fatwa, ifta and istafa have been used on many occasions in the Quran and Hadith. In the Holy Quran, these words have been used in verses 21, 22, 23 of Surah Yusuf and 28 in Surah Namal Rectangle to know the Islamic Sharia commands.
What is fatwa
In the words of Sharia, religious guidance is called Fatwa in any issue related to any area of life. In general, if a Muslim is facing a difficult problem, then the religious scholar will give the answer through the Quran and Hadith and the doctrines and interpretations derived from it.
A fatwa is not the name of a scholar or a Mufti opinion that is not necessary to execute, rather it is the name of the interpretation of the Quran and Sunnah, which is mandatory and worthy of imitation for a Muslim.
Historical background of the fatwa
Allah's Rasul (Sallallahu Alaihi and Sallam) was a Mufti Uss-Saqlain himself and held a position of honor. You used to give a fatwa on behalf of Allaah through him. The collection of your fatwa (ahadis) is another source to know the Shari'a. Every Muslim is required to follow it and deviations from it are not allowed. You have been guided by the fatwa in every chapter. Issues of worship, morality, human sympathy, humanism have been guided.
Fatwa during the era of Mohammad (PBUH)
In the golden age of Nabi-e-Karim (PBUH), there was no fatwa other than him, however, if you would sometimes send a Sahabi as a mufti to remote areas, he would lead the people by staying in that position. As Nabi-e-Karim sent Hazrat Māz bin Jabal to Yemen and allowed him to pass fatwas through the Quran and Hadith and Qiyas and Ijtihad.
Important thing
The thing to remember here is that if a Mufti or a Muslim says something, then it is not a fatwa but it is its own opinion. The fatwa is given only when a person asks questions and wants to lead Islam in that regard.
Many times in Hindustan, in order to discredit Muslims, some people distort the opinion of a Maulana or a Mufti or a Jati opinion as a fatwa and make a mark in the newspapers, due to which Muslims have to face a lot of misdeeds. Therefore, keep in mind that fatwa will be called the same which is given in light of the Quran and Hadith in writing by a Mufti or Islamic institution in response to a question.
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